Having more clarity about values, helps one become a better leader  because those values will provide a basis for how the leader will carry  their team (Kouzes & Posner, 2017).  When a leader is certain about  which values are important to them, they can perform and make decisions  more consistently. By having a leader who is consistent and continuously  acts on the values they hold, satisfaction among constituents will  increase and a more cohesive team dynamic will occur. Additionally, when  a leader clarifies their values and shares the values with their team,  it shows team members what their leader will expect of them and what  they can expect from their leader (Kouzes & Posner, 2017). Once a  leader has identified which values are most important to them, they must  then find their voice to effectively share these values with their  team members.

In terms of leadership, find your voice means developing a  leadership style which is unique to the individual and fully encompasses  their own values (Kouzes & Posner, 2017). To be effective, a leader  must be passionate about the values they incorporate into their  leadership style, rather than choosing to mimic another leaders  successful style (Kouzes & Posner, 2017). If a leader simply chooses  to base their leadership style off one they have seen previously, it is  likely they will not be as successful because it will be clear to their  constituents that the leader does not truly believe in what they are  saying or doing (Kouzes & Posner, 2017). However, once the leader  has found their voice and is able to lead in a way that is true to them  and their beliefs, their team will enthusiastically follow along and be  encouraged to clarify and share their own values. An example of a leader  finding their voice, is one who values teamwork and creates  teambuilding events for members to participate in. This leader has found  their voice because they have identified a value they want to  prioritize and demonstrated the importance of the value to their team by  implementing a way for the value to be upheld.

While it is important for a leader to clarify and uphold their values  when leading a team, it is also important for them to understand that  not everyone is going to prioritize the same values. For this reason, it  is important for leaders to openly communicate with their constituents  to gain an understanding of what values they hold and to identify any  shared values (Kouzes & Posner, 2017).  Even though there may be  differences in the values that each party holds, it is still possible  for the leader to remain deeply committed to their own values. Being  committed to a value means the leader can still behave and make  decisions based on the values which they are passionate about while also  encouraging and supporting the values of their constituents. On the  other hand, a leader imposes their will on others when they expect all  team members to uphold the same values as them without attempting to  understand everyones passions and priorities. This is different than a  leader who is simply committed to their values, and an effective leader  must know the difference because when team members feel forced to adhere  to values they are not passionate about, satisfaction, enthusiasm, and  willingness to work hard will decline (Kouzes & Posner, 2017).

There are several values a good leader should prioritize and uphold,  but one of the most important values is collaboration. When a leader  values collaboration it tells the team members that everyones ideas are  important no matter where they stand in the hierarchy. This will lead  to everyone feeling confident in their ability to share their thoughts  and opinions when working to solve a problem or improve the  organization. Additionally, by valuing collaboration, the leader and  team-members will consistently be open minded when ideas are being  shared. This is important because willingness to hear everyones ideas  will help to create a solution which is beneficial to the entire team  and most appropriate to address the problem being discussed.

Cryptocurrency has been a hot topic the past few years as it has gained widespread popularity and the IRS seeks to require better taxpayer compliance and 3rd party reporting. For example the 2021 Form 1040 has a cryptocurrency question for all taxpayers to check off on page 1 right below your name and address.  In March the WSJ reported on one of the world’s biggest seizures  – $3.6 billion  in stolen BitCoins.   IRS CI agents worked with DOJ and were able to finally crack the case. Below is a link to a short pod cast called The Journal as part of the WSJ that talks about the case. There are a couple of brief commercials in the podcast that you can ignore or just fast forward through. The podcast itself is about 15 minutes. Listen through it as it is pretty interesting how this case played out.

As an accounting student, you have many career options. Working as a Revenue Agent at the IRS is one of those options and working in the CI (Criminal Investigation) area is a very interesting combination of law enforcement and accounting. Below is a March update of the type of work that CI has been conducting.

Instructions: Listen to the Podcast and review overview of CI using links below: Comment on your impressions of the virtual currency/seizure and what CI is working on. Perhaps this is something to consider in your future.

Journal Podcast: 

IRS Spotlight on CI March 2022:    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/irs-spotlights-criminal-investigation-law-enforcement

Instructions

Cases should be 2-3 pages in length and include a one-page summary and review of the case prior to answering any and all discussion or review questions. The case summary is meant to inform the reader of what the case was about and and what the main themes and points of the case were. 

The subsequent one to two pages should focus on answering the questions posed, including personal insight, example, and opinions, This should be done in the same style and format as your first page summary. The questions themselves should not be included.

*****Find the case study and questions attached*****

Class, the road to the conversion to IFRS could be bumpy. Here is an interesting article – How America’s Participation in IFRS Was Lost” – 

Any thoughts?

Instructions

Download the assignment template from this weeks resources and complete the problems as listed. Show your work (either your hand calculations or your statistical program output). You can either scan your work and submit it as a low-resolution graphic, type your answers directly into the document or copy and paste your work into a Word file.

The completed assignment should address all of the assignment requirements, exhibit evidence of concept knowledge, and demonstrate thoughtful consideration of the content presented in the course. 

 Rommel Lantajo

Posted Date

May 26, 2022, 6:13 AM

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Injuries resulting from an accident or trauma are directly associated with cellular death (Ahmadinejad et al., 2021). In adults less than 44 years old, trauma remains the leading cause of death (Ahmadinejad et al., 2021). According to Ahmadinejad et al. (2021), trauma accounts for 40% of all cases requiring hospitalization. In the geriatric cohort, falls remain the most common cause of mechanism of injury (Llompart-Pou et al., 2017). The implication of trauma on the elderly patient group population signifies a higher mortality and morbidity rate than the younger adult population (Llompart-Pou et al., 2017). The overall impact of trauma on both cohorts also implies an increased utilization of healthcare resources (Llompart-Pou et al., 2017). In the elderly, traumatic injuries are the most cause of disability and institutionalization (Llompart-Pou et al., 2017).  

The common risk factors of both cohorts can be broken into many parts, such as lifestyle, occupation, chronic disease, etc. (Gioffr-Florio et al., 2018). Furthermore, frailty and cognition ability are major contributing factors that can lead to traumatic injuries from falls, accidental overdose, etc. (Gioffr-Florio et al., 2018). Osteoporosis and hip fractures are also common in the elderly patient because aging itself is associated with bone disorders even with the slightest traumatic injury (Gioffr-Florio et al., 2018). Dementia, stroke, and hearing and visual changes may also lead to traumatic injuries (Gioffr-Florio et al., 2018). These risk factors can be prevented through proper guidance, well-lit dwelling, proper labeling, direct supervision, etc. (Gioffr-Florio et al., 2018). It is also common for older adults to have hypertension and cardiovascular disease, which may impair their ability to respond appropriately to traumatic injuries (Gioffr-Florio et al., 2018). In addition to the numerous risk factors for the elderly, accidental aspiration and choking are also common in this cohort due to the decreased cough reflex and bronchial airway compliance (Gioffr-Florio et al., 2018).   

References  

Ahmadinejad, M. et al. (2021). Trauma factors among adult and geriatric blunt trauma patients. International Journal of Surgery Open, 28, pp 17-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2020.12.002 

Gioffr-Florio, M., Murabito, L. M., Visalli, C., Pergolizzi, F. P., & Fam, F. (2018). Trauma in elderly patients: a study of prevalence, comorbidities and gender differences. Il Giornale di chirurgia, 39(1), 3540. https://doi.org/10.11138/gchir/2018.39.1.035 

Llompart-Pou, J. A., Prez-Brcena, J., Chico-Fernndez, M., Snchez-Casado, M., & Raurich, J. M. (2017). Severe trauma in the geriatric population. World journal of critical care medicine, 6(2), 99106. https://doi.org/10.5492/wjccm.v6.i2.99 

REPLYSW
 

 Amelia Mangune

Posted Date

May 26, 2022, 10:40 AM

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Trauma is the 3rd leading cause of mortality among all-aged patients (Ahmadinejad et al., 2021). Based on the authors, trauma or injury is described as a disruption of the cellular and tissue function resulting in increased stress, associated with ischemic cell death or recirculation. Multiple system injuries are involved in bout 40% of all trauma patients, and 23% of hospitalized trauma patients are over 65. The most typical type of trauma in the elderly is a blunt injury (particularly fractures) resulting from falls and automobile accidents. Acute and chronic underlying diseases are common in the elderly, including postural hypotension, cardiac dysrhythmias, autonomic dysfunction, inappropriate antihypertensive drugs, hypotensive hypoglycemia, and hypoglycemia due to aging. Frailty, gait dysfunction, impaired vision, hearing, dementia, and comorbidities also increase the risk of trauma in these patients. The severity of the injury, poor pre-hospital health, age, gender, social status, and repeated trauma can also increase the risk of morbidities and mortality. 

Based on Vaishya & Vaish (2020), the risk of falls is increased by the environmental factors independently or by interacting with the intrinsic factors. For example, the incidence of falls increases substantially when greater postural control and mobility are required (e.g., walking on an uneven or slippery surface) and if it is unfamiliar to an elderly (e.g., relocating to a new home). Age-related changes can also impair the nervous system, maintaining balance and stability, increasing the risk of falls. Age-related decline in vision and muscle power and speed changes may impair the ability to maintain or recover balance in response to any concern (e.g., stepping onto an uneven or slippery surface). Any muscle weakness is a significant predictor of falls. Some chronic and acute disorders and drugs are responsible risk factors for falls. Certain situational activities may also increase the risk of falls and fall-related injuries. Using Morse Fall Scale (MFS) is often employed to identify and score fall risk factors. 

Vaishya & Vaish (2020) further wrote that several strategies could be used to prevent these falls. In older adults, prevention of a fall is preferred over the treatment of the injuries sustained by these falls. The risk of falls can be reduced by appropriately correcting the environmental hazards at home and using an assistive device (e.g., cane, walker, grab handles). Those with restricted mobility may benefit from the combined use of environmental, rehabilitative, and medical measures. The incidence of hip fractures can be reduced with hip protectors, especially in high-risk individuals. An appropriate flooring is crucial in preventing falls, as a compliant flooring (e.g., firm rubber) can help dissipate the impact force. Other preventive measures include strengthening exercises to improve gait, balance, coordination, and functional tasks. Vitamin D supplementation in the presence of its deficiency and treatment of osteoporosis is likewise recommended. Drugs known to increase the risk of falls should be stopped or their dosage modified. The optimization of vision and hearing, control of dizziness, and the shoes’ low heels or rubber soles are crucial factors in preventing falls. Falls may be further reduced with adequate pain control, physical therapy, and sometimes joint replacement surgery in severe knee or hip arthritis patients. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) strongly recommends regional anesthesia in their guidelines for managing hip fractures in elderly patients. It has been reported that compared to IV and oral pain medications in elderly patients with hip fractures, femoral nerve blocks resulted in significant reductions in pain scores and opioid requirements. The older adults should also be educated on the ways to reduce the risks arising from the situational factors and should be taught about what to do if they fall and cannot get up (such as using a medic alert button).

In older hospitalized patients, reducing risk factors for hospital-acquired delirium significantly reduces the incidence of falls (as best evidence). Therefore, acute care and delirium prevention models reduce risk factors for common geriatric conditions or syndromes like hospital falls (Wright & Palmer, 2017).

References

Ahmadinejad, M., Mohammadzadeh, S., Shirzadi, A., Ahmadinejad, I. &

Pouryaghobi, S.M. (January 2021). Trauma factors among adults and geriatric blunt trauma patients. International Journal of Surgery; Volume 28, Pages 17-21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405857220301273

Vaishya, R. & Vaish, A. (January 24, 2020). Falls in older adults are serious. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics. 54(1): 6974. 

doi: 10.1007/s43465-019-00037-x

Wright, R. & Palmer, R.M. (2017). Falls. In McKean, S.C., Ross, J.J. Dressler, D.D. & Scheurer, D.B. (Eds.). Principles and Practice of Hospital Medicine (2nd ed., Chap. 87, pp. 617). McGraw-Hill Education. 

Defend or critique the primary alternative sources of health care funding in the United States. Analyze the main effect on the resource owner of one of the following means of financing health care: insurance premiums, tax subsidies, and mandated benefits. Provide at least one example that illustrates the selected effect to support your response.

• List and describe 5 facilitators of cultural competence in the classroom. 
• List and describe 5 possible barriers to cultural competence in the classroom.
• Provide 5 possible solutions to the barriers you have listed.
  http://couragerenewal.org/9-best-teaching-practices-for-cultural-competency/

Discuss the steps necessary to calculate the slope and vertical intercept of a line.

(1 paragraph)

List the steps that are required to solve for equilibrium quantity and price.

(1 paragraph)