Ethical Dilemma

The ethical dilemma we choose is from an article published on Albert Einstein College of Medicine. The case is of a 17 year old Cassandra C.  who was diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and was receiving chemotherapy. Cassandra made the decision that she wanted to stop her chemotherapy treatments where she felt that she was receiving forced treatments. Cassandra recalls her undergoing procedures against her will by sedating and strapping her to the hospital bed.  However, since she was still a minor her mother did not consent to her haulting her treatments. The issue was taken to court where the judge overruled and siding with the medical judgement that there's an 85 percent survival rate for those who undergo chemotherapy.  Once the ruling was sided the court decided to take custody of Cassandra, where underwent a procedure to install a chest port so that medications would be administered. The dilemma for Cassandra is that she was only one year away from being able to make an autonomous decision for herself but since she is a minor she was forced into something she didn't want.  

The ethical dilemma we created was based off of the ethical principle of “autonomy” since the article we choose has to do with Cassandra not being able to make healthcare decisions for herself. Gary, 45 year old male was presented to the emergency room with signs of a stroke. Gary, was first diagnosed with a stroke at 40 years old. Admitted into the emergency room unconscious, he is accompanied by his wife and child. The doctor stops the bleeding which is cause by a cerebral aneurysm however another is spotted which can then increase the chance of another stroke.  The wife is given a form to sign for consent to allow a surgical procedure to prevent another hemorrhage which could result in many unwanted effects such as decline in cognitive ability to even paralysis. Without the surgery he death can occur, the wife states” it was painful for her husband and he said he doesn't ever want to live like that or live compromised again”. 

Without a consent the doctors are unable to perform the surgery, the doctor notices bruises on the wife's arms hidden underneath her sweater. With that she comes to the realization that she has been abused by her husband. The wife admits to the abuse she has endured but refuses to consent for the surgery thus allowing the husband to die without the choice of autonomy to make his own decision. This presents as an ethical dilemma because patients are to make autonomous decisions for themselves but in this circumstance the doctor has to do so since the wife is causing harm and potential death to him. What should the doctor do? Is the wife in the wrong for this even though she has been constantly abused by her husband? 

Answer this question: 

• 1. Apply any other method you have encountered in lecture material and the readings. ( Ex. Locke, Hobbes, Kant, Human Nature, St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas)
• 2. State which method you prefer and why

Clinical Psychology

Select one of the following disorders:

• Depressive disorder
• Generalized anxiety disorder
• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Create a Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation in which you compare and contrast the major approaches to clinical psychology—psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, and family systems—in relation to the selected disorder. Address the following items:

• Discuss the philosophical origins of each approach.
• Identify the goals of each approach.
• Describe the techniques and strategies used by each approach.
• Explain how each approach affects the treatment strategies for your selected disorder.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of each approach, in relation to your selected disorder, based on treatment outcome research.

Include speaker notes with your presentation.

Incorporate information from at least five peer-reviewed publications.

Cite each outside source on a slide titled References.

Case Analysis

Read the “Case Study Analysis.”

Select one of the following theories that you feel best applies to treating the client in the case study:

1. Bowen Family Systems
2. Structural
3. Strategic

Write a 750-1,000-word analysis of the case study using the theory you chose. Include the following in your analysis.

1. What concepts of the theory make it the most appropriate for the client in the case study?
2. Why did you choose this theory over the others?
3. What will be the goals of counseling and what intervention strategies are used to accomplish those goals?
4. Is the theory designed for short- or long-term counseling?
5. What will be the counselor's role with this client?
6. What is the client’s role in counseling?
7. For what population(s) is this theory most appropriate? How does this theory address the social and cultural needs of the client?
8. What additional information might be helpful to know about this case?
9. What may be a risk in using this approach?

Include at least three scholarly references in your paper.

Case Study Analysis 

Client Name: Ana

Client age: 24 

Gender: F

Presenting Problem

Client states, “I recently lost my job and feel hopeless. I can’t sleep and don’t feel like eating.” Client also reports she has lost 10 pounds during the last two months. Client states that she is a solo parent and is worried about becoming homeless. Client states, “I worry all the time. I can’t get my brain to shut off. My husband is in the military and currently serving in an overseas combat zone for the next eight months. I worry about him all the time.”

Behavioral Observations

Client arrived 30 minutes early for her appointment. Client stated that she had never been in counseling before. Client depressed and anxious, as evidenced by shaking hands and tearfulness as she filled out her intake paperwork. Ana made little eye contact as she described what brought her into treatment. Client speech was halting. Client affect flat. Client appeared willing to commit to eight sessions of treatment authorized by her insurance company. 

General Background

Client is a 24-year-old first-generation immigrant from Guatemala. Ana was furloughed from her job as a loan officer at local bank three months ago. Client reported that she was from a wealthy family in Guatemala, but does not want to ask for help. Client speaks fluent Spanish.

Education

Client has completed one year of college with a major in business. Client states that she left college after her son was born as she found it difficult to manage a baby, college, and a full-time job. 

Family Background

Client is the middle of four siblings. Client has two older brothers and one younger sister. Client’s parents have been married for 27 years. Client states that she has had a “close” relationship with her family, although she states that her father is a “heavy drinker.” Client states that all her brothers and sisters have graduated from college and have professional careers. Client states that her father is a banker and her mother is an educator. Client states that she has not seen her family for 1 year. Client has a 1-year-old son and states that she is sometimes “overwhelmed” by raising him alone.

Major Stressors

· Lack of family and supportive friends

· Financial problems due to job loss

· Husband deployed overseas

· Raising a baby by herself

Conflicting Viewpoints Essay

When looking for information about a particular issue, how often do you try to resist biases toward your own point of view? This assignment asks you to engage in this aspect of critical thinking.

The assignment is divided into two (2) parts.
For Part I of the assignment (due Week 2), you read a book excerpt about critical thinking processes, reviewed the Procon.org Website in order to gather information, and engaged in prewriting to examine your thoughts.
* Remember that in the Week 2 Discussion, you examined the biases discussed in Chapter 2 of the webtext.

In Part II of the assignment (due Week 4), you will write a paper to synthesize your ideas.
Part II – Writing
Write at three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:

 1. Select one (1) of the approved topics from the www.procon.org Website and state your position on the issue.
2. From the Procon.org Website, identify three (3) premises (reasons) listed under either the Pro or Con section – whichever section opposesyour position.
3. Identify (3) three premises (reasons) from the Procon.org website that support your position    and explain why you selected these specific reasons.
4. Explain your answers to the “believing” questions about the three (3) premises opposing your position from the Procon.org website.
5. Examine at least two (2) types of biases that you likely experienced as you evaluated the premises for and against your position.   
6. Discuss the effects of your own enculturation or group identification that may have influenced your biases.
7. Discuss whether or not your thinking about the topic has changed after playing the “Believing Game,” even if your position on the issue has stayed the same.

The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing:

• Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph.
• Address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.
• Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA Style format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

W55

Workplace stress can have long-term effects. Our text identifies the  following four areas which can increase this type of stress:

• Role conflict: two or more incompatible demands at work or across work and non-work roles
• Role ambiguity: vagueness or unclearness in role responsibilities and functions
• Workload incompatibility: occurs when the amount of work to be accomplished exceeds the employee’s capabilities
• Job insecurity: the feeling that the security of one’s job is unstable

In addition, happiness and positivity can lead to personal success  and further indicates the following ideas to increase one’s happiness:

• Setting challenging and meaningful goals
• Disputing negative thinking and deliberately practicing positive self-talk
• Choosing to forgive others and let go of grudges and hard feelings
• Counting one’s blessings and intentionally expressing gratitude for them
• Visualizing future success
• Practicing healthy habits such as a balanced diet, adequate sleep, and regular exercise

Thus, hypothetically these suggestions  and ideas can be applied to each of our lives. Whether you are working  and going to school, or just going to school, they are applicable since  school, too, is an organization.

After reading and viewing all of the required resources this week,  consider all of the factors related to a person’s health and the  workplace, how can you apply the concepts to your own life right now?

• Identify at least three strategies that you can implement today to  increase your level of success in the situation you most identify with.
• Why do you think these strategies can work for you?
• What strategies could you utilize to increase someone else’s  happiness level and assist them in increased success based on our  content?
• Overall, consider the past five weeks of content. What do you think  are two of the most important factors that will be applicable to you and  your current goals? What about to your future goals? Why or How?

Your journal should be a minimum of four to five double-spaced pages,  adequately discuss all questions posed, and demonstrate maturating  self-awareness.

• This is a reflection based on all of your required resources for the  week and you will not be required to use additional sources.
• Use the rubric to check for thoroughness of your writing.

Psychology Help

Imagine that you work as a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist to help children suffering from emotional disturbances overcome maladaptive behaviors.

Select a psychological theory and obtain faculty approval of your selected psychological theory. Theory selected is Psychosocial Development Theory. 

Write 100- to 150 -word action plan that addresses the issue presented in the scenario.

Explain how you will solve the psychological issue presented according to the theory you selected.

Apply socialization strategies to help your clients cope with aggression, social skills and academic difficulties. Use creative, critical, and probabilistic reasoning to solve the issue related to behavior and mental processes.

Submit a 6- to 9-page paper that focuses on an adolescent from one of the case studies presented in this course. For this Project, complete a bio-psycho-social assessment and provide an analysis of the assessment. This Project is divided into two parts:

Part A: Bio-Psycho-Social Assessment: The assessment should be written in professional language and include sections on each of the following:

• Presenting issue (including referral source)
• Demographic information
• Current living situation
• Birth and developmental history
• School and social relationships
• Family members and relationships
• Health and medical issues (including psychological and psychiatric functioning, substance abuse)
• Spiritual development
• Social, community, and recreational activities
• Client strengths, capacities, and resources

Part B: Analysis of Assessment. Address each of the following:

• Explain the challenges faced by the client(s)—for example, drug addiction, lack of basic needs, victim of abuse, new school environment, etc.
• Analyze how the social environment affects the client.
• Identify which human behavior or social theories may guide your practice with this individual and explain how these theories inform your assessment.
• Explain how you would use this assessment to develop mutually agreed-upon goals to be met in order to address the presenting issue and challenges face by the client.
• Explain how you would use the identified strengths of the client(s) in a treatment plan.
• Explain how you would use evidence-based practice when working with this client and recommend specific intervention strategies (skills, knowledge, etc.) to address the presenting issue.
• Analyze the ethical issues present in the case. Explain how will you address them.
• Describe the issues will you need to address around cultural competence.

Dissonance And Attitudes

The textbook describes cognitive dissonance as the difference between our beliefs and our actions. Provide  five (5) examples of cognitive dissonance that you have experienced. Describe at least three (3) potential behaviors or consequences that can arise from this inconsistency.

Background and Significance Sections of the Grant Proposal

For this week’s assignment, you will complete the Background  (including a literature review) and Significance sections of your grant  proposal following the Grant Proposal Guidelines (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. See the Sample Grant Proposal Template (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.   as an example and use it as a template for your Grant Proposal. The  more complete your assignment is, the more feedback you will receive for  the Final Project. In addition, you will create the References page for  your proposal by taking the sources from your Week Two annotated  bibliography and converting them into a standard APA-formatted References list (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..  Be sure to include at least five more peer-reviewed sources on your  References page (so that you have at least 15 sources as required for  the Final Project).

Ethical Problem

Part 1  Present a summary explanation and/or analysis of the ethical problem(s) or issue(s), presenting the various sides of the conflict, and, if possible, the differing opinions that have been given about it. State clearly what the ethical problem is that you will be dealing with. This section should be neutral and objective. Shorter is better than longer in this section. Do not try to solve the problem or present your opinion(s) in this section.  Part 2  Discuss three different ethical positions or theories that you would apply. Also reference any relevant sections of your professional code of ethics; e.g., APA, ACA, etc. Do not present your opinion(s) on the problem or attempt to solve it here.  Part 3  In this  final section, present what you think would be the best solution to the problem, along with your reasons for your solution and why you think your solution is superior to the others that might be given. This is the section in which you should discuss your problem and present your opinion(s). Longer is better than shorter in this section. Say what ethical theory or theories and professional-code sections you are using to arrive at your solution.  This should be a 2,100- to 2,800-word (or 6- to 8-page) paper, excluding cover page, abstract, and references, using APA formatting.