NR- 501 Theoretical Basis Adv Nursing

Readings are as follows:

McEwen, M., & Wills, E. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

• Chapter 13: Theories From the Sociologic Sciences
• Chapter 17: Learning Theories

Bandura, A. (2008). Social cognitive theory. In W. Donsbach (Ed.), International encyclopedia of communication (Vol. 10, pp. 4654–4659). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.

McEwen, M. & Wills, E. (2010). Theoretical basis for nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA:  Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

McGonagall, K. (2005, Spring). Teaching for transformation: From learning theory to teaching strategies.The Center of Teaching and Learning Newsletter, (14)2. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University.

Merriam, C., Caffarella, R., & Baumgartner, L. (2007). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Parker, M. E., & Smith, M. C. (2010). Nursing theories and nursing practice (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company.

Schunk, D. (2012). Learning theories: An educational perspective (5th ed.). Columbus, OH: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.

Page or paragraph numbers must be included with quotes per APA. See APA re how to format references and in-text citations i.e. capitalization issues and use of the ampersand versus the word (“and”).

Including at least one in-text citation and matching reference.

Discussion– Borrowed Theories (graded)

As you mentioned borrowed theory plays a major role in directing nursing research in directions leading to techniques suitable for multiple theoretical situations.  What would a mental health diagnosis look like without the combination of a borrowed theory and a nursing concept?

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Tasks:

For this assignment, you are to follow the directions to fill out a Feelings template. Then, you will read two articles involving encouragement and write a 2 page response.

Part 1: Nothing But Feelings Template

Using the Nothing But Feelings Template: I ALSO ATTACHED TEMPLATE

Complete the template's list with at least seven feeling words under each of the five core feeling categories (happy, sad, angry, lonely, and scared).
Determine and include an additional five ambivalent or mixed feelings (or phrases) not already listed as examples in the template. Provide a description of what you have heard people say.
Identify five metaphor statements and the basic core feelings that underlie each (i.e., happy, sad, angry, scared, and lonely). Write a brief justification as to why you sense this core feeling would underlie the metaphor.

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Diseconomies of scale occur when the volume of production results in increase in per unit cost.  We see this within hospitals frequently and especially in emergency departments as the number of patients exceed capacity and the increased volume results in higher costs to provide care (variable costs with physician/nursing/support staffing) often times without reimbursement to cover these costs.  With regard to corporate strategy, organizations want to take advantage of economies of scale and ideally produce the quantity output which decreases cost per unit to the lowest level possible.  With regard to healthcare, some clinics are able to limit this but their moral obligations along with the desire to provide patient care to those who need it often forces clinics and hospitals to accept and care for patients beyond their capacity.

Forum #2

In today’s market concerning differentiation advantage, there is no such thing as a commodity. Hence, all goods and services are differentiated. When the generic product is undifferentiated, the offered product makes the difference in getting customers and the delivered product in keeping them. A desirable objective of an economic system is to maximize the well-being of society. Buyers must benefit from what they buy and sellers must benefit from what they sell. When people buy something, they generally pay less than what they were willing to pay for the good or service. Consequently, the difference between the willingness-to-pay price and the market price is the consumer surplus. Likewise, sellers can sell a product at a higher price than their economic cost to produce a product. The difference between the economic cost and the market price is the producer surplus.

Productive efficiency is concerned with the optimal method of producing goods, which is producing goods at the lowest cost. Allocative efficiency is concerned with the optimal distribution of goods and services. For example, an economy could be productively efficient in producing large numbers of boots, but if they were all for the left foot, it would be allocatively inefficient as no one would benefit from these low production costs. Therefore, markets comprised of differentiated markets are not guaranteed to maximize social surplus. As a result, the maximization of all market social surpluses not only depends on the consumers' willingness to pay for a commodity, but the actual price paid by them, otherwise known as the equilibrium price.

[1] Original forum was: 

Discussion threads (to get things started):

1) Dyer Chapter 4 (Cost Advantage)

Let's discuss this chapter! Here are some tasks to get you started (pick one or two and jump in):

· Pick a key terms on pg. 82 (a terms that someone else hasn't already picked) and defined it (in your own words), then explain why it's important to corporate strategy

· Pick a review question on pg. 82 (a question that someone else hasn't already picked), and answer it, then comment on a question that someone else has answered

A couple thought questions:
 

Isn't the message of this chapter basically that the biggest company wins? Why or why not?

Why does this chapter treat labor inputs (see pg. 80) as equivalent to material inputs? If a company figures out how to make product X using less steel or less glass, assuming the end result has the same utility as the original product, then the company has created additional economic value, right? If a company leverages its bargaining power to force suppliers of steel or glass to lower their prices, has it created any economic value? If is does the same with respect to labor, has it created any economic value?
 

Here's a concrete example. Company A makes product X and it sells for $10. Because this company has a captive work force (it's the largest employer in a small town), it is able to lower wages. It uses labor savings to lower the price of product X to $9. Has the company created any additional economic value?

2) Dyer Chapter 5 (Differentiation Advantage)

You can address any/all of these questions or any of the review questions on pg. 103:

· The textbook uses Facebook as a "differentiation" story. Wouldn't this same "story" apply no matter which company had succeeded (since they’re all different, MySpace, Friendster, etc.)? If that's true, then what's the point? Is Facebook's success really an example of successful differentiation? Why isn't the rise of Facebook better explained by network externalities?

· How are economic markets are supposed to work if every product is differentiated? Properly functioning economic markets are supposed to deliver allocative and productive efficiency, and they're supposed to maximize social surplus. Will markets comprised of differentiated products deliver these outcomes? Why or why not? What does the Walters chapter say is necessary if markets are to function properly? Why is this question important?

· When does marketing become lying?

· What does it mean to "hire" a product to do a "job" for you? Is this a useful perspective? Why or why not?

· What does it mean to map the consumption chain?

3) Dyer Chapter 6 (Corporate Strategy)

You can address any of these questions (or any of the review questions on pg. 124):

· Explain the different levels of diversification.

· Explain what it means to create economic value. Explain what it means to add value through diversification (see Figure 6.1). Are these two things the same? Is one a subset of the other? If I'm a shareholder of two different companies, why might I want them to merge?

· What are the six Ss?

· Can value be added in the same way regardless of the type of diversification? Or are there better ways to add value depending on the type of diversification involved?

· What does it mean to destroy economic value? Give you provide a specific example?

· What are the methods of diversification?

4) CSR text, Chapter 1 (What is CSR?)

From the book (Review Questions):

· A convenient marker for the start of the modern CSR era is the publication of Bowen’s book, Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. What questions did Bowen ask in this book? Why are these questions still relevant today?

· How is CSR different from Adam Smith’s concept of the invisible hand? Why is this important?

· Based on the definitions of CSR in the chapter—including the author’s definition—what do you believe are the essential elements of CSR? Why?

· Describe some of the CSR programs or activities you discovered on the websites of the company listed in Table 1.

· Briefly describe the Concentric Circle Model of CSR and the CSR Pyramid. Explain how these models inappropriately compartmentalize economic, legal, and ethical considerations.

· List and briefly describe the CSR-related terms highlighted in the text: sustainability, corporate citizenship, corporate social performance, philanthropy, stakeholder theory, and systems theory.

Here's a couple big picture questions: What does CSR have to do with economic value (from our first discussion in Module 2)? What does (or should) CSR have to do with corporate strategy?

5) Bonus Thread

The Academy of Management Review, probably the most respected theoretical academic journal in the management field, just published a special topic forum on management theory and social welfare. There were a number of papers published in this forum. I'm attaching the forum introduction:
 

Jones et al 2016 Social Welfare.pdf 
 

If you are interested in the topic of corporate social responsibility from a more philosophical standpoint, download this article and take a look at the section "Why the Eerie Silence?" that begins on page 220 and ends on page 225 (the last two pages–the "Conclusions and Implications" section–are also relevant).
 

Here's a few questions to get this thread started:

Take a look at your strategy textbook. Is there anything in our text that you could use to differentiate between corporate strategies that are likely to result in Pareto improvements and strategies that are likely to lead to Pareto inferior outcomes (see page 223 and 224 of the attached article)? According to our textbook, against what yardstick should potential strategies be measured? Why? What does this article say about that approach? Who's right (our textbook or this article)? Maybe a better question is this: "When is our textbook right, and when is this article right?

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To answer properly, you need to write about one-third to half a page, font 12, single-spaced.                 
Macro Question 1: Explain how GDP is measured according to the expenditure and income approaches.  Make sure you read my lecture note.                 

Micro Question 2: Is it possible for many firms to sell exactly the same product, and still be in monopolistic competition? Be precise and explain in detail. 

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You will write a letter of advice to a newly engaged couple..  Imagine that the engaged couple or coworkers hear that you are taking a course in interpersonal communication and want advice on how to communicate in their personal relationship. 

You will need to cover:

Explain the principle of and barriers to effective interpersonal communications.

Analyze the role of communication in developing and maintaining one's self-concept, self-image, and self-esteem.

Differentiate appropriate levels of self-disclosure and emotional intelligence in various relationships.

Describe strategies for using communication techniques to resolve interpersonal conflicts.

Analyze the impact of gender and culture on interpersonal communications.

For each of the five learning outcomes, create a separate heading that states the learning outcome that you are addressing.  Then, address the following for each segment: :

Explain the principles of and barriers to effective interpersonal communications.  Why do the principles matter?  How can your couple overcome the barriers you have listed?

Analyze the role of communication in developing and maintaining one's self-concept, self-image, and self-esteem.  Begin by defining each term and then explain how these three notions of the self potentially impact the relationships of your couple.  What advice can you offer to help them develop a positive self-esteem?

Illustrate the importance of self-disclosure and emotional intelligence in various relationships.  What role does self-disclosure play in the relationships of your couple?  How can their relationships be improved by them becoming more emotionally intelligent?  What connections can be made between emotional intelligence and self-disclosure?

Evaluate strategies for using communication techniques to resolve interpersonal conflicts.  Explain one or two potential conflicts and then present at least one strategies for addressing the dispute(s).

Analyze the impact of gender and culture or interpersonal communications.  First define these two key terms.  Then, explain the importance of gender and culture in relationships generally and for your couple.  What advice can you give to become a better communicator based on the information you have presented.

Requirements:

You must address all five of the learning outcomes and the questions listed with those objectives.  For each objective, be sure to define key terms and relate those ideas directly to advice for your couple.  The point here is for you to demonstrate how these ideas can be utilized to help people in their relationships.  Try to offer specific advice that integrate into their lives. 

Begin your paper with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement and that previews what you plan to cover in  your paper.  End with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis and restates your key points.  

You must use at least five scholarly sources to help make your points.  At least three of these should be course readings and two should be academic articles you have found yourself by doing research in the Ashford University Library.

You must also draw on personal experience to offer advice or to illustrate points.  It is acceptable to use hypothetical examples/and or your personal experiences for your couple.

Must be 8 pages double spaced

Must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph with a clear thesis statement that indicates the purpose of your paper

Must use each learning objectives as a header dividing each section of the paper.  

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Discussion threads (to get things started):

1) Dyer Chapter 4 (Cost Advantage)

Let's discuss this chapter! Here are some tasks to get you started (pick one or two and jump in):

· Pick a key terms on pg. 82 (a terms that someone else hasn't already picked) and defined it (in your own words), then explain why it's important to corporate strategy

· Pick a review question on pg. 82 (a question that someone else hasn't already picked), and answer it, then comment on a question that someone else has answered

A couple thought questions:
 

Isn't the message of this chapter basically that the biggest company wins? Why or why not?

Why does this chapter treat labor inputs (see pg. 80) as equivalent to material inputs? If a company figures out how to make product X using less steel or less glass, assuming the end result has the same utility as the original product, then the company has created additional economic value, right? If a company leverages its bargaining power to force suppliers of steel or glass to lower their prices, has it created any economic value? If is does the same with respect to labor, has it created any economic value?
 

Here's a concrete example. Company A makes product X and it sells for $10. Because this company has a captive work force (it's the largest employer in a small town), it is able to lower wages. It uses labor savings to lower the price of product X to $9. Has the company created any additional economic value?

2) Dyer Chapter 5 (Differentiation Advantage)

You can address any/all of these questions or any of the review questions on pg. 103:

· The textbook uses Facebook as a "differentiation" story. Wouldn't this same "story" apply no matter which company had succeeded (since they’re all different, MySpace, Friendster, etc.)? If that's true, then what's the point? Is Facebook's success really an example of successful differentiation? Why isn't the rise of Facebook better explained by network externalities?

· How are economic markets are supposed to work if every product is differentiated? Properly functioning economic markets are supposed to deliver allocative and productive efficiency, and they're supposed to maximize social surplus. Will markets comprised of differentiated products deliver these outcomes? Why or why not? What does the Walters chapter say is necessary if markets are to function properly? Why is this question important?

· When does marketing become lying?

· What does it mean to "hire" a product to do a "job" for you? Is this a useful perspective? Why or why not?

· What does it mean to map the consumption chain?

3) Dyer Chapter 6 (Corporate Strategy)

You can address any of these questions (or any of the review questions on pg. 124):

· Explain the different levels of diversification.

· Explain what it means to create economic value. Explain what it means to add value through diversification (see Figure 6.1). Are these two things the same? Is one a subset of the other? If I'm a shareholder of two different companies, why might I want them to merge?

· What are the six Ss?

· Can value be added in the same way regardless of the type of diversification? Or are there better ways to add value depending on the type of diversification involved?

· What does it mean to destroy economic value? Give you provide a specific example?

· What are the methods of diversification?

4) CSR text, Chapter 1 (What is CSR?)

From the book (Review Questions):

· A convenient marker for the start of the modern CSR era is the publication of Bowen’s book, Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. What questions did Bowen ask in this book? Why are these questions still relevant today?

· How is CSR different from Adam Smith’s concept of the invisible hand? Why is this important?

· Based on the definitions of CSR in the chapter—including the author’s definition—what do you believe are the essential elements of CSR? Why?

· Describe some of the CSR programs or activities you discovered on the websites of the company listed in Table 1.

· Briefly describe the Concentric Circle Model of CSR and the CSR Pyramid. Explain how these models inappropriately compartmentalize economic, legal, and ethical considerations.

· List and briefly describe the CSR-related terms highlighted in the text: sustainability, corporate citizenship, corporate social performance, philanthropy, stakeholder theory, and systems theory.

Here's a couple big picture questions: What does CSR have to do with economic value (from our first discussion in Module 2)? What does (or should) CSR have to do with corporate strategy?

5) Bonus Thread

The Academy of Management Review, probably the most respected theoretical academic journal in the management field, just published a special topic forum on management theory and social welfare. There were a number of papers published in this forum. I'm attaching the forum introduction:
 

Jones et al 2016 Social Welfare.pdf 
 

If you are interested in the topic of corporate social responsibility from a more philosophical standpoint, download this article and take a look at the section "Why the Eerie Silence?" that begins on page 220 and ends on page 225 (the last two pages–the "Conclusions and Implications" section–are also relevant).
 

Here's a few questions to get this thread started:

Take a look at your strategy textbook. Is there anything in our text that you could use to differentiate between corporate strategies that are likely to result in Pareto improvements and strategies that are likely to lead to Pareto inferior outcomes (see page 223 and 224 of the attached article)? According to our textbook, against what yardstick should potential strategies be measured? Why? What does this article say about that approach? Who's right (our textbook or this article)? Maybe a better question is this: "When is our textbook right, and when is this article right?

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Introduction to Basic Cryptography: Hashing

In this essay, you will provide a real-world example of how cryptography/hashing can be used in order to secure data transmission across a network. Provide a scenario and explain how data is secured using the plaintext and ciphertext process that was discussed last week.. In addition to the video, choose one other scholarly reference to support your discussion.

Requirements:

· Submit in a Word document.

· Include cover page

· Must be a minimum of two pages (excluding references and cover page)

· Appropriate APA format is required.

· Properly cite and reference any borrowed resource(s)

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Develop a company and determine what it will produce and sell. The requirement for this company is that it be a high-end, special-order type of manufactured product. Complete the following in a Word document of 1,000 words: •Develop a list of inputs along with their associated costs, such as labor, materials, and overhead. You can research this information, make it up, or do a combination of both. Be specific as to costs.  •You are to determine the selling price. Show your calculations, and discuss why you have determined this to be a good sale price.  •How many items of your product will you need to produce to meet this sale price? How did you calculate this?  •Determine which of the costing systems discussed in this class will work best for your company. Explain why. ◦Explain why those not chosen were not a good fit for your company.  ◦You must explain "why not chosen" for a minimum of 3 costing methods.   •Please devote at least 1 paragraph to the ethical considerations of costing methods.

Ascertain the importance of information management for the company or industry that you have chosen.
Analyze the fundamental impact of IT architecture or enterprise architecture on information management for your chosen company or industry. Determine if IT architecture impacts the effectiveness or efficiency of information management and vice versa.
Suggest at least two (2) data storage methods regarding database, data warehouse, and / or date mart for your chosen company or industry. Provide a rationale for your response.
Determine the optimal data storage method between the methods that you suggested in Question 3. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least three (3) quality references
Compare and contrast the strategic and operational use of data management systems.
Summarize the complexities of information technology and practices.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in information systems and technology.

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Ascertain the importance of information management for the company or industry that you have chosen.
Analyze the fundamental impact of IT architecture or enterprise architecture on information management for your chosen company or industry. Determine if IT architecture impacts the effectiveness or efficiency of information management and vice versa.
Suggest at least two (2) data storage methods regarding database, data warehouse, and / or date mart for your chosen company or industry. Provide a rationale for your response.
Determine the optimal data storage method between the methods that you suggested in Question 3. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least three (3) quality references
Compare and contrast the strategic and operational use of data management systems.
Summarize the complexities of information technology and practices.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in information systems and technology.

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