Like most other policies, health policy relies on constitutional or statutory authority. Consider the process of enacting The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, also known as ACA or simply Obamacare. The law’s path to passage was tortuous with many detours and, at times, almost written off because of shifting political winds(Cannan, 2013).

The law did not follow the traditional way legislation typically does, as covered in the book chapter and highlighted by Cannan’s writing on ACA’s legislative history(refer to pages 137-169). First, a member did not introduce the Bill; instead, in the House, three chairmen of the Education and Labor, Energy and Commerce, and Ways and Means committees worked jointly to draft legislation by each committee(Cannan, 2013; Hayes, 2011). In the Senate, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions (HELP), and Committee on Finance took the lead in crafting the legislation. This and many other peculiarities made ACA complex legislation to shepherd through Congress.

Once the Bill was signed into law by President Obama, opposition and legal challenges were instantaneous. Texas and other Republican-led states sued the federal government the same day the legislation was signed. ACA has the dubious distinction of being “the most challenged-and the most resilient-statute in modern American history” (Gluck & Scott-Railton, 2020). The law has been challenged in courts hundreds of times, made several trips to the Supreme Court, and dozens of repeal efforts, and yet the law stands with its core reforms stands(Gluck & Scott-Railton, 2020; Goldstein, 2020; Persily, Metzger, & Morrison, 2013).

As you review the assigned reading, the book chapter, and any other material on the passage of ACA, what were the unusual ways the legislation was passed through Congress instead of how the book describes the typical passage of a law? (I counted at least four major peculiarities). What were the political considerations of the Democrats and Republicans in shaping and opposing the legislation, from Committee drafting to the choice of reconciliation as opposed to conference committee? Lastly, the Courts and Congress have had unusually intense oversight of ACA post-enactment. How has its oversight and politics of it shaped vital provisions such as Medicaid expansion, contraception coverage, and payment of subsidies for insurance coverage?

References

Cannan, J. (2013). A legislative history of the affordable care act: How legislative procedure shapes legislative history. Law Library Journal, 105(2), 131-173.

Gluck, A. R., & Scott-Railton, T. (2020). Affordable Care Act Entrenchment. Georgetown Law Journal, 108(3), 495.

Goldstein, A. (2020). Affordable Care Act returns to Supreme Court as virus cases spike. The Washington Post, A.8.

Hayes, K. (2011). OVERVIEW OF POLICY, PROCEDURE, AND LEGISLATIVE HISTORY THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT. NAELA Journal, 7(1).

Persily, N., Metzger, G. E., & Morrison, T. W. (2013). The health care case : the Supreme Court’s decision and its implications [1 online resource]. Retrieved from http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199301058.001.0001/acprof-9780199301058

These are the questions that need to be answered.
As you review the assigned reading, the book chapter, and any other material on the passage of ACA, what were the unusual ways the legislation was passed through Congress instead of how the book describes the typical passage of a law? (I counted at least four major peculiarities). What were the political considerations of the Democrats and Republicans in shaping and opposing the legislation, from Committee drafting to the choice of reconciliation as opposed to conference committee? Lastly, the Courts and Congress have had unusually intense oversight of ACA post-enactment. How has its oversight and politics of it shaped vital provisions such as Medicaid expansion, contraception coverage, and payment of subsidies for insurance coverage?

Also please ask a question at the end related to the topic.

There are many factors that come into play when looking to establish policy geared toward preventative healthcare. Many medical centers and healthcare institutions today tend to serve as human damage control, which should direct our attention toward finding better solutions in preventative medicine. Research has shown that years of public health advocacy have yet to significantly improve how we invest in true human well-being (Berwick, 2020).  Many elements comprise the social determinants of health including living conditions, education, ability to earn income, access to transportation, and food security to name a few (Berwick, 2020).  Beyond that our world is plagued with economic inequities, structural racism, and political distrust. Healthcare is not available to many, particularly considering the number of uninsured in the US alone continues to grow beyond 30 million individuals today (Berwick, 2020).  Social situations, like those aforementioned, are exactly what cause people to become ill, succumb to chronic illness, or sustain injury to begin with (Berwick, 2020). It could be posited that corporate investments in healthcare are too dominant, and political influences are too strong to be able to evoke significant change. The people to lead healthcare reform should be, or at least include, healthcare professionals themselves. Nurse practitioners are aligned well to help develop appropriate healthcare delivery models that highlight prevention and wellness (Raingruber, 2017). Expanding the healthcare provider role to include advocating for social reform could catalyze momentum toward global healthcare change.  Through continued research and reporting, the advance practice nurse (APRN) is positioned to better understand not only what interventions may be effective, but in relation to which population (Shelton et al., 2018). The APRN is able to recognize the importance of driving practice-based evidence to guide new healthcare adaptations and design implementation of novel, sustainable preventative healthcare programs (Shelton et al., 2018).  

Deliverable Length:   12 page memo (excluding cover and reference pages)

Michelle has asked you to send her a memo that explains the target market for MMs new product. Because a global market is under consideration, she wants you and Elena to meet for an in-depth discussion of the different characteristics of your target market before sending her the information. 

Elena meets you for coffee the next morning to explain her reasons for advocating the global market. As you finish your discussion, Elena stops and says,

“We’ve discussed a lot of different market segments to target with the new product, but the choice comes back to you,” says Elena. “What’s your final decision on the target market that we should focus on? Are you going to propose that we try to market this product globally?
You sigh, knowing this is a key decision in your marketing strategy. “I appreciate our discussion today. I’m going to have to do some more research to determine the exact market and if we should go global or not.”

You know Michelle is expecting a detailed description of your targeted market segment including justification for selecting the market. You also need to remember to include your recommendation for or against marketing globally. 

• What are the demographic characteristics of your target market and why are they important? 
• Where is your target market located geographically and why is that important? 
• What psychographic characteristics define your target market? How do these impact your marketing strategy? 
• What behavioral characteristics are shared by your target market? Why are these important?  

The materials found in the M.U.S.E. may help you with this assignment. Additional information is also provided in the Lessons From Experience series found at the following links: 

 Debate This: Insider Trading 

Dale Emerson served as the chief financial officer for Reliant Electric Company, a distributor of electricity serving portions of Montana and North Dakota. Reliant was in the final stages of planning a takeover of Dakota Gasworks, Inc., a natural gas distributor that operated solely within North Dakota. On a weekend fishing trip with his uncle, Ernest Wallace, Emerson mentioned that he had been putting in a lot of extra hours at the office planning a takeover of Dakota Gasworks. When he returned from the fishing trip, Wallace purchased $20,000 worth of Reliant stock. Three weeks later, Reliant made a tender offer to Dakota Gasworks stockholders and purchased 57 percent of Dakota Gasworks stock. Over the next two weeks, the price of Reliant stock rose 72 percent before leveling out. Wallace sold his Reliant stock for a gross profit of $14,400. Using the information presented in the chapter, answer the following questions.

1. Would registration with the SEC be required for Dakota Gasworks securities? Why or why not?
2. Did Emerson violate Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and SEC Rule 10b-5? Why or why not?
3. What theory or theories might a court use to hold Wallace liable for insider trading?
4. Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, who would be required to certify the accuracy of the financial statements Reliant filed with the SEC

5. This is the most important part of the question please answer the debate below.

Debate This:
Insider trading should be legalize

 Debate This: Takeovers 

Mario Bonsetti and Rico Sanchez incorporated Gnarly Vulcan Gear, Inc. (GVG), to manufacture windsurfing equipment. Bonsetti owned 60 percent of the corporations stock, and Sanchez owned 40 percent. Both men served on the board of directors. Hula Boards, Inc., owned solely by Mai Jin Li, made a public offer to buy GVG stock. Hula offered 30 percent more than the market price per share for the stock, and Bonsetti and Sanchez each sold 20 percent of their stock to Hula. Jin Li became the third member of the GVG board of directors. An irreconcilable dispute soon arose between Bonsetti and Sanchez over design modifications of their popular Baked Chameleon board. Despite Bonsettis dissent, Sanchez and Jin Li voted to merge GVG with Hula Boards under the latter name, Gnarly Vulcan Gear was dissolved, and production of the Baked Chameleon ceased. Using the information presented in the chapter, answer the following questions.

1. What rights does Bonsetti have (in most states) as a minority shareholder dissenting to the merger of GVG and Hula Boards?
2. Could the parties have used a short-form merger procedure in this situation? Why or why not?
3. What is the term used for Hulas offer to purchase GVG stock?
4. Suppose that after the merger, a person who was injured on the Baked Chameleon board sued Hula (the surviving corporation). Can Hula be held liable for the injury? Why or why not

5. This is the most important part of the entire question, please debate the below.

Debate This:
Corporate law should be changed to prohibit management from using most of the legal methods currently used to fight takeover

For this assignment, you will examine the various associations in psychology as they relate to your interests in psychology. For example, if you are interested in Forensic Psychology you would research professional organizations or associations associated with Forensic Psychology.

• For this assignment, you will choose two professional organizations.
• Find two recent scholarly journal articles (within the last 23 years) related to the two fields of psychology for the professional organizations you have chosen.
• Write a 23-page report on the professional organizations integrating information from the journal articles.

One of the central themes of this course is to examine your career aspirations in psychology as it relates to your studies thus far in the program. We begin the course assignments with a general question that we will open up for group discussion.

What does psychology mean to you?

This is not a simple question that can be answered in one or even several lines. The expectation is that you will incorporate cited evidence to inform and support your statements.

Submission Details:

• Post your response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned. Respond to at least two posts by the end of the week.

Every year, natural disasters impact families, communities, nations, and cultures. Whether the natural disaster is a flood, hurricane, tornado, fire, or earthquake, it can alter the environment and cause potential health hazards.

For this module’s initial discussion post, research a major national or global disaster that occurred in the last decade. Provide a brief summary of the disaster and explain the common public health risks that occurred, as well as potential long-term health risks the victims might be facing. Do you think the type of natural disaster you studied has the highest risk of spreading diseases, or another type of natural disaster? Explain.

Write an e ssay on the subject of assessment and measurement.

Your e ssay should address the following:

• Your thoughts on the subject of measurement in general and the ethical implications of assessment specifically.
• Five purposes for assessment delineated in your text.

Note: Make sure that your e ssay is informative, interesting, and illustrates critical thinking. Find two scholarly journal articles from  Online Library to help you support your points.Post your response to the Discussion Area by the due date assigned. 

Respond to at least two posts by the end of the week.

• Use an APA style reference list with in-text citations in your initial response.
• Use an APA style reference list with in-text citations in at least one of your two responses to classmates.

Select an organization or a segment of an organization, and interview key employees in order to gather information concerning the organizations critical success factors (CSFs). Be sure to inform your interviewees that any proprietary information included in this project will be kept confidential. You will then develop a SWOT analysis to clarify and aid in the identification of the organizations/segments CSFs. The written project requires you to prepare and submit the following in order:

1. Brief description of the organization/segment (1 paragraph)

2. SWOT analysis in chart form containing the following 4 categories: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. Each item must be clearly and concisely stated.

3. Balanced Scorecard in chart form. Clearly and concisely list CSFs in each of the 4 categories identified in the text. For each CSF, explain in a separate column how the measurement of the CSF will transpire.

4. A discussion of the CSFs chosen for the organization/segment Why were these particular factors selected? Why are they important in accessing the success of the company? (3 pages)

5. An evaluation of the organization/segment to determine if it is achieving each of the CSFs. Analyze each CSF and use data from the measures indicated in the Balanced Scorecard as support for the conclusions. (3 pages)

Additional guidelines:

1. The project must be at least 6 pages, excluding the 2 charts.
2. The project must be written in current APA format.
3. Avoid using first and second person (e.g., I, we, you, etc.).
4. You must reference a minimum of your textbooks and 3 additional scholarly sources. Wikipedia,      Investopedia, and the like are not considered scholarly sources and should not be used. Any use of these sources will be grounds for a 100-point deduction.
5. Any personal communication must be cited appropriately within the text; however, citations of personal communication are not needed for the reference section.
6. The project must include a properly formatted cover page.
7. An abstract and table of contents are not needed.
8. If the information within the SWOT chart or the Balanced Scorecard chart needs to be cited, you may deviate from current APA format and use superscripts, with the citations placed underneath the chart. This is the only deviation from the current APA    manual that is allowed.